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Esta guía describe el modelo de observatorio urbano para la recopilación y el análisis de datos urbanos, desarrollado por el Observatorio Urbano Global de UN-HABITAT™ en colaboración con ciudades de todo el mundo.

More than half of the world”™s population is living in cities and the number is growing everywhere. Cities are suffering from an acute crisis that hinders their capacity to develop sound policy and provide much-needed services to their residents: a crisis of accurate, useful information. Lacking detailed knowledge and information on the demographic, economic, cultural, physical and environmental dynamics in their cities, many planners and decision-makers are operating in an environment of uncertainty, allocating resources to immediate and pressing issues rather than investing in progressive change over the long term.

Reliable, up-to-date information on a meaningful set of indicators ”“ measurable attributes of local conditions, such as proportions of the population with access to basic services or the cost of housing in different parts of the city ”“ and the means to turn collected information into good urban policies and plans are the antidote to the information crisis. Local authorities and organizations, however, have been hindered by a lack of capacity, particularly in developing countries, for the collection and assessment of data, for its transformation into useful information and for its broad dissemination. Many cities in both the developing and developed world also lack reliable, accurate and timely information collection mechanism for credible and consistent system of urban data collection.

Data are essential for city, country, region and global policy formulation notwithstanding other political mechanisms of local to global policy planning and decision-making. However, the availability of data at all levels – city, country, region, and global ”“ continues to be an elusion particularly in developing countries. In some cases, data albeit available, are unusable because of the:
1. Inappropriate scale of data aggregation for local relevance (e.g., gross domestic product);
2. Infrequency of data release to inform timely decision-making (e.g., national censuses);
3. Inadequate data for specific policy needs even at city level (e.g. youth employment) National governments around the world have the overwhelming task of ensuring the viability and auspicious living conditions of their urban areas, vis-í -vis the health and progress of their populations. They must therefore strive to understand the dynamics within cities by creating initiatives toward decentralizing or localizing decision-making.

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